《新概念英语》

第三册Lesson29

词汇课文难句语法解析及翻译(4)

lesson29 Funny or not?

这一讲核心重点句型

To compensate for his unpleasant experiences in hospital, 是动词不定式短语作目的状语。✔特别提示: compensate 要加介词for才可以接宾语。

第一部分 重点词汇解析

largely ['la:dʒli] ad.在很大程度上

comic ['kɔmik] a.喜剧的，可笑的

universal ['ju:ni'vә:sәl] a.普遍的

comedian [kә'mi:djәn] n.滑稽演员，喜剧演员

distasteful [dis'teistful] a.讨厌的

pester ['pestә] v.一再要求，纠缠

dread [dred] v.惧怕

recovery [ri'kʌvәri] n.康复

plaster ['pla:stә] n.熟石膏

console [kәn'sәul] v.安慰，慰问

hobble ['hɔbl] v.瘸着腿走

compensate ['kɔmpenseit] v.补偿

mumble ['mʌmbl] v.喃喃而语

第三册 第29 课语法句型课文全析全解(第一、二、三讲课文回顾)。为检测对前三课时的掌握情况，请试着翻译前两段。

lesson29 Funny or not?

第一段

边读遍翻译，并画出已经掌握的重点句型，如有疑问，回看（第一二三讲)

Whether we find a joke funny or not largely depends on where we have been brought up. The sense of humour is mysteriously bound up with national characteristics. A Frenchman, for instance, might find it hard to laugh at a Russian joke. In the same way, a Russian might fail to see anything amusing in a joke which would make an Englishman laugh to tears.

第二段

边读遍翻译，并画出已经掌握的重点句型，如有疑问，回看（第一二三讲)

Most funny stories are based on comic situations. In spite of national differences, certain funny situations have a universal appeal. No matter where you live, you would find it difficult not to laugh at, say, Charlie Chaplin's early films. However, a new type of humour, which stems largely from America, has recently come into fashion. It is cal1ed' sick humour '. Comedians base their jokes on tragic situations like violent death or serious accidents. Many people find this sort of joke distasteful. The following example of 'sick humour' will enable you to judge for yourself.

第三段

❶A man who had broken his right leg was taken to hospital a few weeks before Christmas. ❷From the moment he arrived there, he kept on pestering his doctor to tell him when he would be able to go home. ❸He dreaded having to spend Christmas in hospital. ❹Though the doctor did his best, the patient's recovery was slow. ❺On Christmas day, the man still had his right leg in plaster. ❻He spent a miserable day in bed thinking of all the fun he was missing. ❼The following day, however, the doctor consoled him by telling him that his chances of being able to leave hospital in time for New Year celebrations were good. ❽The man took heart and, sure enough, on New Year's Eve he was able to hobble along to a party. ❾To compensate for his unpleasant experiences in hospital, the man drank a little more than was good for him. ❿In the process, he enjoyed himself thoroughly and kept telling everybody how much he hated hospitals. （11）He was still mumbling something about hospitals at the end of the party when he slipped on a piece of ice and broke his left leg.

第二部分 课文难句语法解析及翻译

课文难句语法解析及翻译

第三册29课，课文第三段

❼The following day, however, the doctor consoled him by telling him that his chances of being able to leave hospital in time for New Year celebrations were good. ❽The man took heart and, sure enough, on New Year's Eve he was able to hobble along to a party. 然而，第二天，医生安慰他说，出院欢度新年的可能性还是很大的，那人听后振作了精神。果然，除夕时他可以一瘸一拐地去参加晚会了。

句型语法解析

❼The following day, however, the doctor consoled him by telling him that his chances of being able to leave hospital in time for New Year celebrations were good. 然而，第二天，医生安慰他说，出院欢度新年的可能性还是很大的，那人听后振作了精神。

本句是一个简单句，that his chances of....引导的宾语从句作by telling him的直接宾语。

句法结构分析: “console sb.by doing+宾语从句”的意思是“通过做某事安慰某人”，是这个句子的主干。chances的后置定语是of being able to leave hospital in time for New Year celebrations. 尽管这个句子看起来很长，实际上是一个简单句。

❽The man took heart and, sure enough, on New Year’s Eve he was able to hobblealong to a party. 那人听后振作了精神起来了。果然，除夕时他可以一瘸一拐地去参加晚会了。

句子结构是并列句分析。

A. sure enough即“果不其然”的意思，起强调和补充的作用，用来验证上下文医生所说的话。

B. take heart振作精神，鼓起勇气,振作起来,受到鼓舞,振作精神。例如：

①Take heart, for a lack of courage is nothing more than a state of mind. It can be overcome. 鼓起勇气，缺乏勇气只不过是一种心智状态，恐惧是能够克服的。

②If you want to follow your dreams as well as provide for a certain future, take heart.如果你既想跟随梦想，又想有一个美好的未来，那么鼓起勇气去勤奋吧。

③You also need to know that it took me quite a long time to take heart to act it out. 你也要知道，我是花了很长时间才鼓起勇气决定把这个剧演出来的。

④ We should take heart. 我们应当鼓起勇气来。

⑤ Don't give up, take heart. Everything will be OK. 别放弃，鼓起勇气，一切都会好的。

⑥ You should take heart of grace to make an apologize to him deeply.你应该鼓起勇气向他致以深深的道歉。

第三册29课，课文第三段

❾To compensate for his unpleasant experiences in hospital, the man drank a little more than was good for him. 为了补偿住院这一段不愉快的经历，那人喝得稍许多了一点。

句法分析分析：To compensate for his unpleasant experiences in hospital, 是动词不定式短语作目的状语。✔特别提示: compensate 要加介词for才可以接宾语。

the man drank…for him的意思是“这人喝酒过量了”。Than引导的是比较状语从句，这种从句常用省略式，在本句中，than的后面省略了主语what（=the wine which）。

a little more than what（=the wine which）was good for him相当于too much for him。

词汇拓展辨析

compensate

1.compensate弥补,补偿to provide something good or useful in place of something or to make someone feel better about something that has failed orbeen lost or missed

①Nothing will ever compensate for his lost childhood. 什么也不能弥补他失去的童年。

②His enthusiasm compensates for his lack of experience. 他的热情弥补了经验的不足。

③I took her swimming to compensate for having missed out on the cinema.为弥补她错过了电影，我带她去游泳。

④We were late and I was driving fast to compensate. 我们迟到了，所以我开快车来赶时间。

2. compensate 赔偿,补偿to pay someone money in exchange for something that has been lost or damaged or for some problem

①Victims of the crash will be compensated for their injuries. 撞车事故的受害者会得到伤害赔偿。

常见错误❌When compensate is followed by a direct object, remember to use the preposition for. 当后面直接加宾语时，应用介词‘for’。

❌中文误导式错误：Don't say 'compensate something',

②✔正确表达方式是：say compensate for something: 不要用‘compensate something’，应该用‘compensate for something’

❌The beautiful weather compensates the difficult journey. （错误的用法）

③✔The beautiful weather compensates for the difficult journey. 美好的天气弥补了旅行的艰辛。